September 11th 2001 was long before my time in Nee Naw Control. I was working in Great Ormond Street hospital in an exceedingly boring admin role. Mid afternoon, I was halfway through a game of minesweeper when one of the doctors ran into the room.
“They’ve flown a plane into the World Trade Center!” she exclaimed.
We didn’t have the internet back in those dark days, so we had to rely on a radio to keep us posted.
One of the women across the office, Sabrina, burst into tears. We all gathered round proferring hankies as she explained, between sobs, that her brother lived in New York, worked in Manhattan and frequehtly visited the World Trade Center on business. She’d been trying to ring him, but his number was unobtainable. She feared the worst.
We later found out that it was impossible to get through to pretty much anyone in America that day, and Sabrina’s brother was safely away on business in another state. So that was one happy ending at least.
I watched a documentary about the Twin Towers the other day which featured reconstructions of the events inside based on 911 calls made that day. Apparently the “switchboards were jammed” with people dialling 911 to report that the WTC was on fire which made me laugh - whenever there’s a traffic accident we always get 20 odd people ringing in saying “Just in case no-one else has reported it…” so I can imagine the streets of Manhattan being lined with thousands of people dialling 911 to report a passenger jet flying into a 120 storey building - you know, just in case it had gone unnoticed… I don’t know how true this is, but someone told me people were even dialling 999 here in the UK!
More sobering were the calls made from inside the building. One scene showed people several floors above impact trapped in their office. They repeatedly dialled 911 because, well, that’s what you do in an emergency, isn’t it? They were asking the people on the other end - the American equivalents of me - what should they do? Should they stay put and wait for rescue? Should they go up to the roof and wait for helicopters? Try to make their way down? Could they break a window to get more air? Should they jump out the window to a certain death or wait inside and risk being burned alive?
Trying to put myself in the position of those dispatchers, I realised that occasionally a situation occurs that there was no protocol for. The instructions those callers were given could make the difference between life and death but no-one knew what the right answer was and no-one could have predicted what was going to happen. I just hope I never find myself in a situation where there’s a question I can’t answer.
September 11th, 2006 at 12:27 pm
“Trying to put myself in the position of those dispatchers, I realised that occasionally a situation occurs that there was no protocol for. The instructions those callers were given could make the difference between life and death but no-one knew what the right answer was and no-one could have predicted what was going to happen. I just hope I never find myself in a situation where there’s a question I can’t answer.”
I assume since then, and July ‘05, measures are in place at Nee-Naw control for at least some of the more outlandish events? A greater emphasis on “What To Say If London Is Nuked” etc.
September 11th, 2006 at 12:32 pm
unfortunately you presume wrong
September 11th, 2006 at 12:37 pm
Even if there were protocols for “what to say if London is nuked” it wouldn’t bve terribly helpful because we don’t know in what way it is likely to be nuked, or whether (for instance) Canary Wharf is likely to collapse if attacked. There are some people with major incident training, but of course they won’t be the ones answering the 999 calls…
September 11th, 2006 at 2:57 pm
Has that never happened? Have you never had a question you can’t answer? (not questionging your abilities!! - just surprised that doesn’t happen several times a week!)
September 11th, 2006 at 3:03 pm
No, not really. I don’t mean that I know everything, but someone senior or one of the paramedics on the HEMS desk will usually have the answer. There’s also a lot of questions we’re *not allowed* to answer (eg. “how long will the ambulance will be?” “what do you think is causing these symptoms?”)
I suspect the official answer to “Which way should I attempt to get out of this 120 storey burning building?” would be “I’m sorry, we are unable to provide advice over the phone, you must decide that yourself”. Which would not be what I wanted to hear if I was in said burning building.
September 11th, 2006 at 6:00 pm
I hope for the sakes of anyone working in emergency services that something like this never happens again. It didn’t really sink in for me until I saw footage of people jumping from the windows.
Realistically, now that that bridge has been crossed, something like this almost certainly *will* happen again, and I find it difficult to comprehend the thinking behind offering training in major incident response to certain groups and not others. In a situation like that, you’re frontline staff just as much as the road crews are.
Management shouldn’t be looking at “if”, it should be “when”..
September 11th, 2006 at 8:58 pm
Well, I’m not sure how much useful advice you can give people to help them in a generic major incident situation. If a nuke went off, it’d be nice to know wind direction so you could tell people where the fall out was heading and tell them not to go there. If a biological weapon was released on the Tube, it’d be good to know how to keep it could be caught and what the symptoms were. I could go on, but I’m actually boring myself now. Anyway, my point is: the really useful advice is all very specific. Rather than spending time on overly vague training, the time would be better spent creating channels for passing this info onto the public quickly.
September 11th, 2006 at 9:47 pm
Since these dramatic events major incident plans are much better. However they don’t include “what to say” to people.
While someone is stuck 127 storeys up a burning building, and the only true answer is for them to make thier peace with your deity, you’d never say that. I hope I’m never in that situation, but I expect that all you can do is try to provide some sort of human comfort in a dark hour.
That or “Follow your doctor’s instructions for this situation.”
September 11th, 2006 at 11:07 pm
Remembering what happened during 9/11 and the 7/7 bombings, we can only pray and hope that there isnt any such widescale bloodbath the whole world over anymore in this life.
September 11th, 2006 at 11:08 pm
I watched a similar/same doco here in New Zealand, and was also surprised by the advice being given by operators from 911, and the port authority people.
I was thinking that it was maybe part of the american service culture, to always try and give advice, even if they have *NO IDEA* what to do. Most people seemed to be told to stay put. Which I can understand in a small fire, but this was not a small fire.
Personally, I’d prefer to be told that a large plane has hit the building, we’ve got people on the way, but you’re on you own. (Which is what I’d expect anyway) so I’m free to take whatever action I deemed neccessary.
From what I saw on the telly and internet that day, I expected the top of the buildings to collapse, but didn’t think the whole buildings would go.
I guess the CIA now wishes it never funded Osama’s operations. :-/
September 12th, 2006 at 1:33 am
I watched the BBC reconstruction also, with tears streaming down my face throughout. Although I was living on the NY border at the time, this was the first time I had ever felt so affected.
Regarding the issue of whether to contact the emergency services after an obviously major and very visible event has taken place, this is surely a difficult one. My first thought, as a member of the public, would be of the possibility of ‘diffusion of responsibility’ (people’s tendency to believe that, since many have witnessed an event, *somebody else* must already have taken the appropriate action). This is what happened during the brutal and now famous murder of Kitty Genovese in NYC back in the ’60s. Although 38 witnesses later came forward, not one of them called for help at the time since they all believed that others had already done so.
Knowing this, I would probably conclude that it would be better for 999/911 to get too many calls about a major incident than none at all, and go ahead and place a call myself. Given what you’ve written above however, perhaps I should rethink this. What do you think? If it were you, off-duty, and you witnessed something major, what would you do?
September 12th, 2006 at 1:36 am
PS I should add that I am not talking about something on the scale of the 9/11 attacks, but something perhaps more like the bus you mentioned a while ago that crashed into a supermarket (did I remember that right?)
September 12th, 2006 at 11:56 am
There is surely nothing you could tell people. With the building burning beneath them would you want the responsibility of telling people to make their way down knowing that in, all probability, they will be burned alive/die of smoke inhalation? I am an EMD for the LAS and the mere thought of it makes me shudder. I went to New York last year and went to the NYPD museum (bit spotterish but really interesting!) and the whole top floor is taken up with 9/11 displays etc. There is an interview with one of the dispatchers on duty on the day and i listened with tears pouring down my face. It was so very sad. I can only imagine how it has affected those poor people. You would really imagine that whole act would be a wake up call for emergency services the world over…..wouldn’t you?????
September 12th, 2006 at 2:27 pm
Miranda: it’s an interesting question. As someone says above, there was that Kitty Genovese case when no-one called because everyone thought someone else had, and several people calling is better than no-one calling. On the other hand, we had forty-three calls on that bus incident, which meant a 5 minute-ish delay in calls being answered, the sort of delay which could result in someone dying. I think if I witnessed something I’d try and look for other people dialling 999 first, and not call if I were one of those people who end up saying “I was just going past and I heard a bang, now there’s a bunch of people gathered round” because in those circumstances, it’s pretty much guaranteed that someone else will have called, or that the person doesn’t actually need an ambulance.
September 13th, 2006 at 4:51 am
I came across a serious accident on my way home one night, years ago. There was a fair bit of traffic on that road at the time and it blocked both outbound lanes, so everyone had to stop.
I can still remember someone calling out, “has anyone called an ambulance?”
It seems the logical thing to do when you think about it.
September 13th, 2006 at 8:46 am
If in doubt, call it in.
Most serious RTCs have at least half a dozen people call them in, and each one has a slightly different description of what happened. So it’s always usefull because sod’s law says the sixth person is the one that saw the chemical leak, or the trapped passenger.
However, when you get something as large as 9/11 there is no extra information that will make a difference.
September 13th, 2006 at 12:38 pm
Thanks Mark for your response. I shall keep that in mind in future.
September 13th, 2006 at 10:36 pm
Interestingly not everyone calls an ambulance… I remember a law case some years ago which I studied. A woman was attacked on the street outside her apartment block (in the US somewhere)…. about 2am and 17 people woke up to her cries, opened their windows and shouted at the attacker to leave her alone.
He ran off…. the woman then started to crawl up the steps outside her building.. the attacker came back and then resumed his attack before running off again after the same people yelled out their windows.
Now I’m not saying that I would have gone downstairs, but upon the Police talking to the witnesses, not one person went to the woman’s aid (even after the attacker ran off) and not one called an ambulance or the police. It took a bystander to do so, and by that time the woman had died. All the witnesses ‘thought someone else had done it’ or ‘didn’t want to get involved’.
So never assume that someone else has called the emergency services!
September 16th, 2006 at 3:01 pm
Whatever has happened before, however bad it gets I would like to think the people of New York or London know that their Firefighters are coming.
We are all wiser now but the response will always remain the same. I a sure the same goes for the LAS and all the dispatchers becasuse however corny it sounds this is what we do.
September 17th, 2006 at 2:57 pm
Britblog Roundup # 83
Welcome once again to that listing of posts you have nominated as being something we should all have a look at. You can add to next week’s extravaganza simply by sending the URL to britblog AT gmail DOT com. First
September 17th, 2006 at 3:26 pm
I guess the CIA now wishes it never funded Osama’s operations. :-/
When will people stop propagating this myth:
“The relatively tiny number of Arab fighters in Afghanistan during the war against the Soviet Union received no aid from the US. Thus, Osama bin Laden is not the creation of the CIA.”
Jason Burke.
It’s in my top ten glib comments that have no basis in fact.
September 18th, 2006 at 5:18 pm
The new film “Right at your door” kinda deals with this - when stuff like this happens, no one really knows what is going on and any advice you get, is for all good intentions, probably faulty or incomplete advice.
I lost 2 friends in Sept 11, one physically and one who is now in a catatonic state after the things he did to try and help save people (he was a paramedic to put himself through law school). I, like so many others, found it really hard to come to terms with what had happened and have worked out my own “incident plan”. It sounds a bit paranoid but it works for me. I won’t say that it is perfect, you never know what you would do till you are in the situation, but I feel a bit more prepared.
My company has also done similar planning. So if we can do it, surely there is something at the emergency response level?